Not for sale, however, but for advertising purposes. Especially in times of impending water scarcity, they want to set an example for the reuse of wastewater, said Scheideler. Europe is considered to be rich in water. However, the water supplies are not really large in all regions.
Not even in Berlin and Brandenburg, says Stephan Natz, spokesman for Berliner Wasserbetriebe. "With the Spree and Havel we have two bodies of water that have the name "flow" don’t really earn money because they don’t have enough water". And the dry year 2018 had shown that the reuse of treated wastewater could definitely ease the burden on groundwater supplies.
What happens to the wastewater?
The water company is participating in the project as a partner, because the company has also been researching wastewater treatment for years. In addition to dirty water from households such as toilet water, kitchen water with vegetable and leftover food as well as cleaning, washing and bathing water, also water from industry and trade and rainwater. The latter contains the dirt from roofs, gardens or streets.
The purified water from the six Berlin sewage treatment plants is still only fed into flowing water and then returns to the groundwater, from where the drinking water is obtained. But beer made from wastewater – is that the future? For Natz it is "more of a gag". "We want to show that it is at least technically possible", so also the spokesman for the water company. He also believes that beer tastes better with regular water. Because in contrast to highly purified water, it still contains many minerals as flavor carriers.
Beer made from recycled water – where did the idea come from?
The beer idea is not entirely new. According to Scheideler, there have already been brewing projects in the USA to make the use of treated wastewater more palatable in the truest sense of the word for residents of different regions. And in the beer country of the Czech Republic, too, there is hop juice made from recycled water. Reported only a few days ago "Radio Praha" via a microbrewery in southern Bohemia that brewed 15 hectoliters of beer with recycled water from a Prague sewage treatment plant.
"The technology used to purify the water is not new either"says Natz. It is used in many parts of the world, especially in water-scarce areas in Africa. And also in space. "The astronauts on the ISS, for example, can only take 50 liters per head into space and have to get by for months", said Natz.
How does the cleaning work?
According to Xylem, a multi-stage process can make the water so clean that it even surpasses the quality of many table waters. In addition to ozone and activated carbon, hydrogen peroxide and UV light can also be used to remove viruses, germs, industrial chemicals and other pollutants.
"If energy is not an issue, we otherwise get water clean"says Natz. But cleaning up to the highest possible level is currently still very expensive and time-consuming. In Berlin, therefore, tests are currently being carried out to determine whether cleaning in natural facilities can reduce costs. Natz is convinced that wastewater will definitely play a bigger role in the future than it has up to now.
Is there a contradiction to the German purity law?
Probably not as a beer ingredient in this country: Because drinking beer is no longer as popular in Germany as it used to be – and the trend towards lower consumption is continuing, according to the Federal Statistical Office. At the same time, exports abroad are increasing. Experts explain the high demand from abroad with the purity law for beer from 1516. It is the oldest food law in the world and stipulates that only water, hops and malt are allowed in beer.conclusion for community service essay
The German Brewers’ Association could not judge the waste water beer project because the association was not aware of it, said spokesman Holger Eichele. The association is committed to protecting existing resources. "The best water is that where the question of cleaning and treatment does not arise at all, because it is available in sufficient quantities and in the best, natural quality"he emphasizes.
Bonn (dpa / tmn) – Lots of healthy nutrients with rather few calories: Salad is actually as good as its reputation. A large, mixed salad is therefore an ideal meal, especially in the evening, explains the Federal Center for Nutrition (BZfE).
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The leaves are low in calories mainly because they mainly contain water. At the same time they have a certain saturation effect due to their volume alone – ideal for everyone who wants or has to watch their weight.
The rule of thumb is: the more colorful, the better. Because different types of salad and vegetables contain different and many nutrients. These include, for example, so-called secondary plant substances that can prevent heart and circulatory diseases. In addition, depending on the variety, there are various types of vitamin B, folic acid and minerals such as potassium and magnesium.
Salads from the chicory group – chicory, radicchio or endive, for example – are considered particularly nutritious. However, they are also a bit bitter and therefore not everyone likes. The unpleasant note can be reduced by removing the stalk and thick leaf veins during preparation. And the right dressing also helps – with yoghurt or strong oils and vinegars, for example.
Düsseldorf (dpa / tmn) – Those who do not want to support the so-called chick killing can do so in a very practical way in the supermarket. Many traders have eggs from initiatives that refrain from killing male chicks on a massive scale.
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The providers finance the rearing of the animals with a surcharge of around four cents per egg, explains the North Rhine-Westphalia consumer center. This does not change anything in the product: an egg remains an egg.
The name of the initiatives and how they work varies depending on the retailer: Many discounters and producers each have their own initiatives, and some products are only available in individual regions.
In addition to the cross-financed rearing of the male chicks, there are two other ways to prevent shredding: Firstly, technical procedures with which the sex of the animals is determined in the egg – only the females are then hatched. Some of the first eggs from this process are already commercially available.
Second, there are local initiatives that use so-called dual-use races. Instead of specially bred animals for egg or meat production, the females lay eggs here, the males are fattened. Corresponding initiatives and their products exist, according to the consumer advocates, for example in parts of North Rhine-Westphalia and southern Germany as well as around Berlin.
Bonn (dpa / tmn) – You have been fighting head-to-head for the favor of consumers for years. Now, after six years, orange juice is back in front and has overtaken apple juice, reports the Association of the German Fruit Juice Industry.
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Statistically speaking, in 2018 every resident in Germany drank 7.4 liters of orange juice, followed by 7 liters of apple juice. Multivitamin juice with 3.9 liters and grape juice with one liter follow at a considerable distance.
Regardless of whether it is O or A, Germany is considered the fruit juice world champion. The top position in per capita consumption of 31.5 liters was further expanded last year compared to Norway (23.1 liters). Austria (21.8 liters) and the USA (21.3 liters) follow.
Frankfurt / Main (dpa / tmn) – Most Pilsner beers in stores are free of questionable substances. The magazine did "Eco test" determined (edition 6/2019). She had 43 pils be examined, including 7 from organic production.
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Two thirds (28) therefore do not contain any critical substances such as the herbicide glyphosate or germs. Further quality criteria were bitter units, original wort, degree of final fermentation and foam retention. The testers came to a largely tasty result: A total of 23 brands received a clear one "Very good" without defects, germs and with a typical taste.
11 other brands were with "Well" rated. In one case, the foam durability leads to a deduction, in two cases the use of a disposable can made of aluminum or tinplate.
There was little evidence of glyphosate in 8 cases. The weed killer has come under fire: It is controversial whether it is possibly carcinogenic. However, in connection with similar beer tests in which glyphosate was found, the Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) found that you would have to drink 1000 liters of beer in order to ingest quantities that are harmful to health.
If a product has two defects, it is for "Eco test" no more than one "Satisfying" inside. This applies to six beers, one of which is only available in a non-returnable glass bottle. In the case of an organic beer, the arithmetic value for pesticides in the unprocessed brewing barley was criticized. The production of this beer was stopped in February. Germs were not found in any pils.
Munich (dpa / tmn) – At first glance, the Portobello looks like an XXL mushroom. Despite the relationship, the Portobello has properties that the conventional mushroom does not have. The lamellae are more pronounced on the underside.
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"Therefore, it is not so good to eat raw", says Renate Zollner, mushroom wholesaler in Munich.
Compared to normal mushrooms, Portobello has a firmer consistency and a strong, nutty taste. Since the portobello grows more slowly than the conventional mushroom, it is usually a little more expensive. "When buying, you should make sure that the mushroom is not too soft", advises Renate Zollner. Even if the slats of the Portobello are noticeably black, it should be left lying around.
The umbrella of the mushroom is 10 to 15 centimeters in diameter – an excellent prerequisite for filling it. To do this, the stem is removed, the mushroom is filled and then cooked. "A big plus point of the Portobello is that it remains stable during preparation"says Alexander Kostadinov, cook in Altötting (Bavaria). Depending on the size of the mushrooms and the filling, even one filled portobello per person can fill you up.
The filling
Traditionally, the mushroom gets seared minced meat in the hat and is then baked with cheese. A mild mozzarella goes just as well with the portobello as a rather strong Appenzeller or raclette cheese. The mushroom is best served with fresh herbs such as parsley.
The minced meat filling does not necessarily have to be reminiscent of hearty home cooking. "The seasoning can give it a whole new direction", knows Matthias Mangold, cookbook author in Venningen (Rhineland-Palatinate). It becomes Indian on the plate when the minced meat is seasoned with a little garam masala, a mixture of black cardamom, cinnamon and cumin. A leftover apricot or mango chutney that may still be in the refrigerator can also refine the minced meat filling. "This is how sweetness, sharpness and spice come together in the filling – a great combination", enthuses Mangold.
The mushroom becomes oriental when it is filled with couscous, diced paprika, fresh mint and lemon juice. Fish lovers chop raw fish fillets and mix them with sour cream and dill before filling the mushroom. Matthias Mangold even has a suggestion for the sweet tooth: "You can mix cream cheese with diced fruits and fill the mushroom with it." Strawberries or peaches are particularly good.
In general, the mushroom can be filled with vegetables, meat, fish, egg, sauces or pesto to your heart’s content – if you keep a few rules in mind. Thin-skinned vegetables, such as peppers, can be placed raw in the portobello. Harder varieties like carrots should be pre-cooked. Alexander Kostadinov knows what to do so that the result turns out nice and juicy: "There should still be some moisture in the filling compound. Therefore, ingredients with a high water content such as zucchini, paprika or feta are particularly suitable."
In the oven
When the portobello is full, it goes into the oven. To do this, the mushrooms are placed in a fire-proof dish and some liquid – such as broth – is poured in. "If you like a little more acidity, you can also add some white wine to the mold", says Mangold. The temperature is ideal between 160 and 180 degrees. How long the mushroom has to cook depends on its size. 20 to 30 minutes is a good orientation. In summer the Portobello can also be heated on the grill grate.
The portobello is a real star on the plate. That means: He does not tolerate large competition from side dishes. "A seasonal salad, a little rice or fresh white bread are sufficient"says Matthias Mangold.
Düsseldorf (dpa / tmn) – Meat, fish and vegetables are always better salted after grilling. Otherwise the grilled food will be dry and the taste will suffer, explains the North Rhine-Westphalia consumer center.
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If you don’t want to do without aluminum grill trays or aluminum foil, you only season later anyway, as salt and acid dissolve the aluminum and transfer it to the food to be grilled.